Which of the following explains how the gas meter diaphragm functions?

The gas meter diaphragm functions by responding to gas flow, which is precisely why this choice is the correct one. When gas enters the meter, it pushes against the diaphragm, causing it to move. This movement is then converted into a measurable volume of gas that has passed through the meter, allowing for accurate billing and monitoring of gas usage. The diaphragm's design is such that it can effectively track variations in flow, ensuring that both low and high gas usage are accurately accounted for.

The other options do not correctly describe the diaphragm's role. For instance, although gas meters do measure the volume of gas flowing, they do not store gas or regulate gas levels; instead, they monitor the flow quantity. Additionally, temperature measurement is a function of other devices, not the diaphragm of a gas meter. Thus, the fundamental operation of a gas meter diaphragm is its responsiveness to gas flow, making it essential for the accurate assessment of gas consumption.