In single-phase electrical power, at what rate does the voltage fluctuate?

In single-phase electrical power, the voltage fluctuates at a rate of 60 times per second, which corresponds to a frequency of 60 Hertz (Hz). This is the standard frequency used in most of North America for alternating current (AC) electrical systems.

The fluctuation of voltage refers to the cyclical nature of AC, where the voltage alternates between positive and negative values, creating a sinusoidal waveform. In regions that operate on 60 Hz power, each cycle of the waveform completes in one-sixtieth of a second, resulting in 60 complete cycles—hence the voltage fluctuation occurs 60 times in one second.

Understanding this frequency is crucial for various applications, including the selection of electrical devices, as many appliances are designed to operate optimally at this standard. Additionally, the frequency impacts the performance and efficiency of motors and other electrical systems.